Resources

Consult our range of free resources.

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Technical Guides

Tetra has published a series of guides which are available for ordering.

HRSG Inspection Planning Guide (2nd Edition)

Inspection is part of routine maintenance for any Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Visual inspections are performed at regular intervals in accordance with the requirements of regulatory bodies and insurers.Inspection is part of routine maintenance for any Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Visual inspections are performed at regular intervals in accordance with the requirements of regulatory bodies and insurers.

HRSG Tube Failure Diagnostic Guide (3rd Edition)

Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) tubes provide the media for extraction of useful energy from the waste heat in gas turbine exhaust at combined cycle power plants (GT-CCs) or from heat generated by process streams at petrochemical facilities.

Technical White Papers

A selection of technical papers available for reference.

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Piping Hangers & Supports

Piping Hangers & Supports

Piping supports and hangers require routine inspection. Interferences with equipment or structures can c...

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Reasons for Inspecting

Reasons for Inspecting

Inspection is part of routine maintenance for any Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Visual inspectio...

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Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC)

Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC)

Background Tube thinning caused by flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) is one of the most frequent causes of fai...

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Grade 91 Steel

Grade 91 Steel

Background Early failures of components fabricated with Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic (CSEF) Steels in con...

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Duct Burners

Duct Burners

Excess air in the gas turbine exhaust allows the combustion of additional fuel via supplemental firing in the ...

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HRSG Tube Failure Diagnosis

HRSG Tube Failure Diagnosis

Diagnosis of HRSG tube failure causes is not always straightforward. Sometimes, a relatively clear-cut c...

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To discuss how we might assist you to improve your plant's performance or to maintain its value over time

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Papers, Presentations and Articles

Selected papers, presentations and articles from major industry conferences and events.

Title
Author
Chemical Cleaning of HRSGs: When, Where and How?
Chemical Cleaning of HRSGs: When, Where and How?Chemical Cleaning of HRSGs: When, Where and How?
Malloy J.
European HRSG Forum, Munich, 2015.
Role of Boiling Mode and Rate in Formation of Waterside Deposits in Heat Recovery Steam Generator Evaporator Tubes
Role of Boiling Mode and Rate in Formation of Waterside Deposits in Heat Recovery Steam Generator Evaporator TubesRole of Boiling Mode and Rate in Formation of Waterside Deposits in Heat Recovery Steam Generator Evaporator Tubes
Moelling D., Malloy J.
ASME POWER 2014 Conference, July, 2014.
Evaluating Contributions of Flow-Accelerated Corrosion and Liquid Droplet Impingement to Pipe Thinning in HRSG Evaporator Tubes
Evaluating Contributions of Flow-Accelerated Corrosion and Liquid Droplet Impingement to Pipe Thinning in HRSG Evaporator TubesEvaluating Contributions of Flow-Accelerated Corrosion and Liquid Droplet Impingement to Pipe Thinning in HRSG Evaporator Tubes
Malloy J., Graham M., Taylor M., Fabricius A., Moelling D.
EdF FAC Conference Avignon, May 2013 and Power Plant Chemistry 2013
Design factors for avoiding FAC erosion in HRSG low-pressure evaporators
Design factors for avoiding FAC erosion in HRSG low-pressure evaporatorsDesign factors for avoiding FAC erosion in HRSG low-pressure evaporators
Malloy J., Taylor M., Fabricius A., Graham M., Moelling D.
July 2013, ASME POWER Conference, USA
Ten Year Retrospective Look at HRSG FAC Assessment and Incidence
Ten Year Retrospective Look at HRSG FAC Assessment and IncidenceTen Year Retrospective Look at HRSG FAC Assessment and Incidence
P.S. Jackson, D.S. Moelling, M.J. Taylor (Tetra)
Jul 1, 2010, Fossil FAC International Conference, USA

Previous Projects

With over 30 years of experience in power and industrial steam generation services, Tetra Engineering has along history of projects.

HRSG Vibration Study, 2013
Europe

HRSG Vibration Study, 2013

A HRSG operated by a European client appeared to be subject to excessive vibration, based on high noise near the unit and vibration of the casing in certain sections of the roof.  The OEM and EPC had initially agreed that the vibration was a potential problem, so for this reason a study was commissioned by them. This included a field survey of noise using microphones, confirming that there were high noise levels in three different frequencies at some points outside the HRSG casing. Subsequently the OEM/EPC modified their position to hold that the observed noise was not a problem and that no further action was required. The client then requested that Tetra Engineering independently review the problem and perform additional analysis as required. The scope of work included field measurements, thermohydraulic boiler simulations and vibration risk calculations.

LP Economiser Header Failure Analysis, 2010
Middle East

LP Economiser Header Failure Analysis, 2010

The LP economiser lower header on a HRSG ruptured shortly after a diverter damper incident. Tetra was approached by the client to investigate the possible root causes for the rupture. The unit went into single element control at the time of the incident and the LCV cycled through fully open / fully closed positions to maintain the drum level after “shrink”. When the damper re-opened the LCV remained closed as the drum level increased (swell). The economizer temperature increased and there was an associated increase in pressure. The safety valve failed to operate as it was accidentally gagged, causing serious over pressurisation and a burst header.

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